Improvement in churns



THOMAS C.'SM|TH & NORTON L. FRANCIS.

Improvement in Chu'rns. Y l 0.419,193; Patentgd Sep.`v19, 1871.

' UNITED STATES THOMAS G. SMITH AND NORTON L.

PATENT OEEICE.

FRANCIS, or oQUAwxA, ILLINOIS.

IMPROVEMENT IN CHURNS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 119,193, dated September 19, 1871.

being had to the accompanying drawing making part of this specification, in which- Figure l is a top view of the churn with the cover removed.` Fig. 2 is a section taken vertically and centrally through the churn-box.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several gures.

This invention relates to churns having conical dashers applied to a vertical shaft so as to revolve` horizontally. The object of our invention is to improve such churns by thickly perforating the dashers and arranging them in boxes having flat sides, whereby the molecules'of butter can be rapidly separated from the other constituents of the milk and then with equal facility conglomerated, as will be hereinafter explained.

The following description of our invention will enable others skilled in the art to understand the In the accompanying drawing, A represents a rectangular or iiat-sided churn-box, in the center of which is a vertical shaft, Bp. This shaft is removable with the cover of the box A, and it may be rotated by means of gearing arranged in any suitable manner. Near the lower end of this shaft a metallic tube, b, is passed dialnetrically through it, and secured fast and to each end of this tube b a frustum of a cone, C, is percompressit, and then allowit to rush through the perforations c d in an outward direction against the flat sides of the churn-box A. When a very rapid motion is given to the cones currents of the iiuid will rush rapidly through all of the perforat-ions from the centers of the cones outwardly, so that there will be considerable agitation produced by cross-currents and by the cones striking `these cross-currents. The edfes surrounding the perforations c are presented to the radiating currents of iiuid, and operate, like a great number of small dashers, to divide the currents and bring the molecules of butter into more intimate relations to each other while escaping-with the iiuid. Instead of circular perforations, oblong slots or elliptical perforations may be made through the sides of the cones, so as to form skeleton cones presenting a large number of openings and a corresponding number of resisting or dashing edges. When the butter has come and it is desired to gather the particles, the rotation of the cones is reversed, which at the same time reverses the direction of the currents, so that instead of the currents being thrown -outwardly, as in the first instance, they are now directed inwardly into each cone, so as to impinge violently against one another and thus conglomerate the masses of butter. The cones also operate in a measure as strainers for arresting the large masses of butter.

We do not claim two cones'which-are closed at their apexes and communicate with a hollow shaft; but

What we do claim as our invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

The cones O C, made with an escape at their apexes as well as with passages c c in their sides, applied to a vertical revolving shaft which is arranged in a rectangular box, all in the manner described and shown.

THOS. C. SMITH. NORTON L. FRANCIS.

Witnesses GEPHUs PARK, 

